حکمرانی منابع طبیعی

حکمرانی منابع طبیعی

مدیریت توسعه پایدار شهری و تجارب اتحادیه اروپا در حکمرانی اکوسیستم‌های شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون توسعه پایدار شهری در دنیای معاصر به منظور دستیابی به یک وضعیت پایدار واقعی در شهرها مدیریت توسعه پایدار شهری به عنوان یک راه حل اساسی است که باید سیاست هایی را جهت حصول به شهرهای پایدارتدوین کند. هدف این پژوهش پرداختن به مفهوم مدیریت توسعه پایدار شهری و هم چنین ارائه سیاست ها و تجارب توسعه مطلوب شهری اتحادیه اروپا است. . روش تحقیق در این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است که با استفاده از رویکرد مروری در تحلیل اسنادی و ملطالعات کتابخانه ای به بررسی هدف اصلی تحقیق می پردازد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اتحادیه اروپا با ۲7 کشور عضو، توسعه پایدار را در همه مقیاس‌های حکومت نهادینه کرده است. از مهم‌ترین اقدامات انجام‌شده می‌توان به منشور لایپزیگ و URBACT اشاره کرد. چارچوب جامع و یکپارچه، تأکید بر مشارکت، تأمین مالی و برنامه‌های تبادل دانش و تجربیات مهم ترین عوامل موفقیت مدیریت توسعه پایدار شهری در اتحادیه اروپا هستند. بر مبنای نتایج پژوهش شیوه جدیدی در نحوه اداره شهرها لازم است که مبتنی بر نگرش نوینی از مدیریت شهری باشد تا در اداره شهر به گونه‌ای عمل نمایید که علاوه بر مدیریت دولتی، مشارکت مردمی را نیز به یاری طلبیده و زمینه و توان جذب همکاری آنان را داشته باشد. این پژوهش تأکید می‌کند که برای بهبود مدیریت توسعه پایدار شهری، نیاز به رویکردهای یکپارچه، مشارکتی و پویا است که با درنظرگرفتن ابعاد مختلف توسعه و مشارکت ذینفعان، بتواند به ایجاد شهرهای پایدارتر و عادلانه‌تر کمک کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

Aghajani Kahagh, J. (2021). Urban management with a sustainable development approach in deteriorated urban fabric (Case study: Panbeh Risseh neighborhood, Qazvin). Comprehensive Urban Management Studies, 2(6), 1–14. https://doi.org/CSUM-2111-1046(R1)
Akbarinasab, Y. (2014). Requirements of urban sustainable development indicators. Scientific Management Articles Database. Retrieved from http://www.system.parsiblog.com
Auriacombe, C. J. (2014). Government, environment and sustainable development. UJ Internal Handbook. University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Bueren, E., et al. (2017). Urban development management: Past, present and future. Journal Semantic Scholar, 281–289. https://www.semanticscholar.org
Chao, A., et al. (2020). Indicators framework for sustainable urban design. Atmosphere, 11(11), 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111143
DESA, U. (2019). 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html
European Commission. (2001). A sustainable Europe for a better world: A European Union strategy for sustainable development. Publications Office of the European Union, Brussels.
European Commission. (2009). Impact assessment guidelines. The European Commission Sustainability A-Test website. https://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/sds_fs_e_33574.html
European Commission. (2012). Press release: Commission launches innovation partnership for smart cities and communities. http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-12-760_en.htm
European Conference on Sustainable Cities and Towns. (1994). Charter of European Cities and Towns towards sustainability (The Aalborg Charter). Aalborg.
Ewers, H., & Nijkamp, P. (1990). Urban sustainability. In P. Nijkamp (Ed.), Urban Sustainability (pp. 8–10). Avebury: Gower House.
Fioretti, C., et al. (2020). Handbook of sustainable urban development strategies. EUR 29990 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. http://dx.doi.org/10.2760/32842
Fox-Kämper, R., et al. (2018). Urban community gardens: An evaluation of governance approaches and related enablers and barriers at different development stages. Landscape and Urban Planning, 170, 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.06.023
Fratini, C. F., Georg, S., & Jørgensen, M. S. (2019). Exploring circular economy imaginaries in European cities: A research agenda for the governance of urban sustainability transitions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 974–989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.193
German Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs. (2007). Leipzig charter on sustainable European cities. Leipzig.
Hall, P. (1993). Toward sustainable, liveable and innovative cities for the 21st century. In Proceedings of the Third Conference of the World Capitals (pp. 22–22). Tokyo.
Huttmanová, E. (2016). Sustainable development and sustainability management in the European Union countries. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 5, 475–482. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2016.v5n4p475
Islam, R., & Islam, I. (2015). Employment and inclusive development. Routledge: London, UK. ISBN 978041582596.
Kazemian, G., et al. (2013). The relationship between institutional capacity and regional sustainable development (Case study: Bukan and Urmia counties). Geography Quarterly, 11(38), 153–173.
Kitchin, R., Lauriault, T. P., & McArdle, G. (2015). Knowing and governing cities through urban indicators, city benchmarking and real-time dashboards. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2, 6–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2014.983149
Konbr, U. (2019). Smart sustainable cities—Vision and reality. Resourceedings (Proceedings of Science and Technology), 2(1), 101–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i1.455
Korff, R. (2009). Ambivalence of megacities: Catastrophe or solution? Journal for Technology Assessment in Theory and Practice, 18(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.14512/tatup.18.1.8
Leydesdorff, L., & Deakin, M. (2011). The triple-helix model of smart cities: A neoevolutionary perspective. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2), 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2011.601111
Lepuschitz, K., & Pisano, U. (2014). Mapping urban sustainable development in Europe and beyond. European Sustainable Development Network (ESDN), Case Study No. 15.
Lönnroth, M. (2008). L’Union Européenne et la gestion du développement durable: Le rôle des pays nordiques. In P. Jacquet et al. (Eds.), L’Europe et le développement durable (pp. 35–56). Centre d’Analyse et de Prévision, Cultures France. https://side.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/PAE/doc/SYRACUSE/253261
Malandrino, O., Sica, D., & Supino, S. (2019). The role of public administration in sustainable urban development: Evidence from Italy. Smart Cities, 2(1), 82–95. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities2010006
Maloba, T., & Auriacombe, C. J. (2019). Citizen participation in the developmental state. Administration Publica, 27, 1–15. https://hdl.handle.net/10210/398945
Meshkini, A., Eftekhari, A., Rafieian, M., & Rabani, T. (2017). Explaining a foresight model for sustainable urban development management: Case study of Tehran (PhD dissertation). Tarbiat Modares University. Retrieved from https://parseh.modares.ac.ir/thesis/1118139
Meyer, D. F., Masehla, T. M., & Kot, S. (2017). The relationship between economic growth and economic development: A regional assessment in South Africa. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 8, 1377–1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v8.4(26).38
Mirzazadeh Doostan, A. (2022). Examining urban management and its role in sustainable urban development. Geography and Human Relations, 5(2), 21–33. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.26453851.1401.5.2.2.3
Morris, R. J., & Trainor, R. H. (2017). Urban governance: Britain and beyond since 1750. Routledge: Thames, UK.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2008). What is sustainable development? OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2008/12/sustainable-development_g1gh9be9.html
Phiri, A. (2016). Tourism and economic growth in South Africa: Evidence from linear and nonlinear cointegration frameworks. Managing Global Transitions, 14, 31–53. https://ideas.repec.org/a/mgt/youmgt/v14y2016i1p31-53.html
Popovic, B., et al. (2019). Evaluation of sustainable development management in EU countries. Sustainability, 11(24), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247140
Salehi, A. (2008). Urban sustainable development. In Urban and Rural Management Encyclopedia (pp. 291–294). Tehran: Organization of Municipalities. [In Persian]
Sanchiz, M., Chevalier, A., & Amadieu, F. (2017). How do older and young adults start searching for information? Impact of age, domain knowledge and problem complexity on the different steps of information searching. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.038
Sayyad Bidehendi, M., et al. (2017). Analysis of factors affecting urban sustainability: Case study of Ardabil city. Human Settlements Planning Studies, 12(2), 449–462.
Sedaghat Nouri, H., et al. (2024). Explaining the factors affecting sustainable urban development management, focusing on thriving peripheral cities of metropolises (Case study: Lavasan). Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 24(73), 163–181. https://doi.org/10.61186/jgs.24.73.163
Strange, T., & Bayley, A. (2008). Sustainable development: Linking economy, society, environment. OECD Publishing.
Steiniger, S., Wagemann, E., de la Barrera, F., Molinos-Senante, M., Villegas, R., de la Fuente, H., ... Carrasco, J.-A. (2020). Localising urban sustainability indicators: The CEDEUS indicator set, and lessons from an expert-driven process. Cities, 101, 102683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102683
Taghvai, M., & Sefar Abadi, A. (2013). Urban sustainable development and some of its influencing factors (Case study: Kermanshah). Urban Sociological Studies, 3(6), 1–22.
Toudert, F., Ji, L., Fährmann, L., & Czempik, S. (2019). Comprehensive Assessment Method for Sustainable Urban Development (CAMSUD)—A new multi-criteria system for planning, evaluation and decision-making. Progress in Planning, 100430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2019.03.001
United Nations. (1992). Agenda 21: United Nations Conference on Environment & Development. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA). (2013). United Nations sustainable development knowledge platform: Agenda 21. http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&nr=23&type=400
World Commission on Environment and Development. (2012). Our common future (Brundtland Commission). Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
Yang, B., et al. (2017). Analysis on sustainable urban development levels and trends in China’s cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 141, 868–880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.121