حکمرانی منابع طبیعی

حکمرانی منابع طبیعی

چارچوب مفهومی برای حکمرانی محیط زیست در ابعاد چهارگانه: ساختاری، فرایندی، اجرایی و ارزشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
با تشدید بحران‌های محیط‌زیستی و آشکار شدن ناکارآمدی الگوهای سنتی فرماندهی و کنترل، ضرورت گذار به سمت الگوهای نوین حکمرانی بیش‌ازپیش نمایان شده است. بر این اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه چارچوبی مفهومی و یکپارچه در ابعاد چهارگانه ساختاری، فرایندی، اجرایی و ارزشی انجام شده است. این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و بر مبنای مرور نظام‌مند و فراترکیب مقالات معتبر جهانی در بازه زمانی ۲۰۱۰ تا ۲۰۲۵، پس از غربال‌گری منابع، ۴۰ مقاله را به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی تحلیل کرد. تحلیل محتوای منابع، به استخراج بیش از ۳۵۰ کد باز منجر شد که در قالب پنج مقوله محوری شامل زمینه‌های نهادی، فرایندهای حکمرانی، سازوکارهای اجرایی، پیامدها و اصول ارزشی بنیادین دسته‌بندی شدند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد حکمرانی اثربخش محیطی، محصول تعامل متقابل سه مؤلفه شفافیت، پاسخ‌گویی و مشارکت عمومی است که در بستر ظرفیت‌های نهادی، فناوری‌های داده‌محور و انسجام چندسطحی معنا می‌یابد. تحلیل محتوای منابع به استخراج پنج مقوله محوری شامل زمینه‌های نهادی، فرایندهای حکمرانی، سازوکارهای اجرایی، پیامدها و اصول ارزشی بنیادین منجر شد و نتایج حاکی از آن است که پیوند سیاست‌های شفافیت با نظام‌های ارزیابی عملکرد و ابزارهای مالی سبز، علاوه بر بهبود کیفیت محیط‌زیست، موجب ارتقای عدالت محیط‌زیستی، مشروعیت سیاست‌ها و اعتماد اجتماعی می‌شود. نوآوری اصلی این مطالعه در تلفیق همزمان ارزش‌ها، ابزارها و فرایندها در قالب یک چارچوب نظام‌مند است که می‌تواند به‌عنوان نقشه راهی برای بازطراحی سیاست‌های محیط‌زیستی در اختیار مدیران کلان قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

Ardiwinata, J. S., Zaman, K., Nassani, A. A., Haffar, M., Pasani, C. F., & Sriyanto, S. (2022). What is right and what is wrong in the environmental governance model? Environmental regulations for improving environmental sustainability ratings. Problemy Ekorozwoju – Problems of Sustainable Development, 17(1), 123–139. https://doi.org/10.35784/pe.2022.1.12
Bakker, K., & Ritts, M. (2018). Smart Earth: A meta-review and implications for environmental governance. Global Environmental Change, 52, 201–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.07.001
Borhani, M., Zaman, K., Nassani, A. A., & Haffar, M. (2024). Governance indicators, transparency, and environmental sustainability. Global Finance Journal, 59, Article 100781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2024.100781
Brehm, S., & Svensson, J. (2020). Environmental governance with Chinese characteristics: Are environmental model cities a good example for other municipalities? *Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, 4*(1), 111–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-019-00135-6
Cao, X., & Chen, H. (2024). The impact of public participation in environmental governance on the technical efficiency of enterprise. Finance Research Letters, 62, Article 105112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.105112
Chen, H., & Zhao, Y. (2024). Environmental governance and green total factor productivity: Evidence from digitalization in Chinese manufacturing firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 198, Article 123018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123018
Chen, H., Feng, L., & Sun, X. (2024). Beyond central–local relations: The introduction of a new perspective on China’s environmental governance model. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), Article 729. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03082-6
Chen, J., Wang, S., & Wan, L. (2023). Does government environmental governance information disclosure improve residents’ subjective well-being? Evidence from China. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 66(8), 1720–1742. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2022.2038098
Chen, Q., Xu, Y., & Zhang, J. (2023). Digital public participation and environmental governance performance: Evidence from smart city construction in China. Government Information Quarterly, 40(2), Article 101823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2023.101823
Economy, E. (2014). Environmental governance in China: State control to crisis management. Daedalus, 143(2), 184–197. https://doi.org/10.1162/DAED_a_00282
Fleming, C. M., Zhang, J., & Wang, P. (2022). Campaign-style environmental governance and policy instability in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 330, Article 130421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130421
Guan, D. (2023). Green finance instruments and environmental governance. Energy Policy, 176, Article 113121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113121
Heberle, L. C., & Christensen, I. M. (2011). US environmental governance and local climate change mitigation policies: California's story. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 22(3), 317-329. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777831111122897
Huang, X., & Yang, L. (2025). The role of political party in firm environmental governance: Evidence from China. Applied Economics, 57(24), 3219–3235. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2024.2336887
Jiang, X., Deng, T., Guo, Y., Sun, C., & Xie, L. (2025). Assessing environmental governance performance in southwest China: A multi-method approach. Sustainable Futures, 11, Article 101514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101514
Jiang, X., Li, G., & Fu, W. (2021). Government environmental governance, structural adjustment and air quality: A quasi-natural experiment based on the Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defense War. Journal of Environmental Management, 277, Article 111470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111470
Li, G., He, Q., Shao, S., & Cao, J. (2018). Environmental non-governmental organizations and urban environmental governance: Evidence from China. Journal of Environmental Management, 206, 1296–1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.076
Li, P., Lu, Y., Peng, L., & Wang, J. (2024). Information, incentives, and environmental governance: Evidence from China’s ambient air quality standards. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 128, Article 103066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103066
Li, S., Xia, Y., Xiao, R., & Jiang, H. (2022). Residents’ behavioral intention of environmental governance and its influencing factors: Based on a multidimensional willingness measure perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), Article 14734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214734
Liang, F., & Zhou, K. (2022). Fiscal pressure, environmental governance, and local government behavior: Evidence from China. Energy Policy, 163, Article 112815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112815
Liang, J., & Langbein, L. (2021). Are state-owned enterprises good citizens in environmental governance? Evidence from the control of air pollution in China. Administration & Society, 53(9), 1367–1396. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997211005833
Liao, L., & Li, Y. (2025). Pollution control and welfare growth: How environmental governance reshapes income inequality through population health improvement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 506, Article 145532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145532
Liu, J., & Ma, T. (2022). Fiscal decentralization, environmental governance, and carbon emission efficiency: Empirical evidence from China. Energy Economics, 109, Article 105967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.105967
Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., & Lu, J. (2020). Exploring the relationship between air pollution and meteorological conditions in China under environmental governance. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 14518. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71338-7
Lv, Z., Liu, Y., & Chen, X. (2023). Regional inequality and environmental governance capacity. Ecological Economics, 205, Article 107763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107763
Ma, Z., & Zhang, P. (2025). Heterogeneous outcomes and fairness issues in environmental governance: Compelling evidence from China’s low-carbon city pilots. EPB: Urban Analytics and City Science. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083251332683
Mehmood, A., & Cousins, J. J. (2022). Judicialising urban political ecologies: Post‐politics and environmental governance in South Asia. Antipode, 54(6), 1944-1964. https://doi.org/10.1111/ANTI.12850
Otsuka, K., & Cheng, L. (2020). Environmental regulation, life-cycle assessment and industrial policy. Ecological Economics, 176, Article 106679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106679
Shen, Y., & Lisa Ahlers, A. (2018). Local environmental governance innovation in China: Staging ‘triangular dialogues’ for industrial air pollution control. Journal of Chinese Governance, 3(3), 351-369. https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2018.1486347
Wang, J., Tang, D., Shang, L., & Lansana, D. D. (2024). Impact of air pollution perception on environmental governance satisfaction. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), Article 1072. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03484-6
Wang, X., Li, F., & Zhang, T. (2025). Digital governance, environmental regulation, and enterprise green transformation: Evidence from China’s manufacturing industry. Journal of Environmental Management, 356, Article 121873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.121873
Wang, Y., Liu, G., & Chen, X. (2023). The spatial spillover effect of environmental governance and regional green development in China. Ecological Economics, 211, Article 107880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107880
Wu, R., & Hu, P. (2019). Does the “miracle drug” of environmental governance really improve air quality? Evidence from China’s system of central environmental protection inspections. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(5), Article 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050850
Wu, Y., Chen, L., & Zhao, X. (2023). Environmental governance performance and corporate social responsibility in China: The mediating effect of green finance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 388, Article 136079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136079
Xi, J.-Y., Chen, L.-C., Li, X.-Q., & Lin, X. (2025). Potential links between the progress in environmental governance and the prevalence of mental disorder burden: A dynamic panel-data analysis for 197 countries. Sustainable Cities and Society, 126, Article 106389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2025.106389
Xiao, X., & Liu, Y. (2023). Is China’s environmental governance model a win-win for energy conservation and economic development? Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 59(4), 1235–1251. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2023.1854210
Xiong, X., Yu, X., Wang, Y., Jiang, X., & He, W. (2024). Government governance capacity, public environmental awareness, and satisfaction with environmental governance. SAGE Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241291749
Zhang, D., Wang, Z., & Zhou, C. (2023). Digital economy, green innovation and environmental governance efficiency: Evidence from Chinese cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 388, Article 135882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.135882
Zhang, G., Deng, N., Mou, H., Zhang, Z. G., & Chen, X. (2019). The impact of the policy and behavior of public participation on environmental governance performance. Energy Policy, 129, 1347–1354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.03.003
Zhang, L., Chen, S., Tong, H., & Qin, Q. (2026). When government does too well? Perceived environmental governance performance and citizens’ green consumption. Ecological Economics, 226, Article 108867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108867
Zhang, X., Liu, Y., & Han, J. (2024). Big data empowerment and environmental governance efficiency: Evidence from Chinese cities. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 104, Article 107306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2024.107306
Zhao, X., & Li, H. (2024). Does environmental regulation promote industrial green transformation? Evidence from China’s dual control policy. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31, 20467–20484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28615-9
Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., & Wang, Y. (2020). Evaluating the effects of campaign-style environmental governance: Evidence from Environmental Protection Interview in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 23589–23605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09243-9
Zhou, Q., Tang, Y., & He, J. (2025). Environmental policy uncertainty and firms’ innovation in the context of green transition. Applied Economics, 57(10), 1233–1248. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2025.2311115
Zhou, Y., Zhi, X., Wu, H., & Li, Y. (2019). The role of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference in environmental governance: Evidence from environmental proposals. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 10(3), 467–485. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-08-2018-0223