طراحی الگوی حکمرانی آب در ایران بر پایه اصول حکمرانی باز و پایدار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

چکیده

شیوه‌های مدیریت آب در ایران به دلیل نبود الگوی حکمرانی آب جامع و کل‌نگر که روابط متقابل میان اجزای مختلف سیستم را به درستی درک و مدیریت کند، در بسیاری موارد به بروز بحران‌ها و ناپایداری در منابع آبی و پیامدهای گسترده در سایر بخش‌ها انجامیده است. در عصر کنونی و با گسترش فناوری‌های اطلاعاتی و ارتباطی، الگوهای نوین حکمرانی از جمله حکمرانی باز، به عنوان رویکردهایی کارآمد برای بهبود مدیریت منابع مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته‌اند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی الگوی حکمرانی آب در ایران بر پایه اصول حکمرانی باز و حکمرانی پایدار انجام شده است. این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی ـ اکتشافی و بهره‌گیری از روش‌های تلفیقی پیش رفت. در گام نخست، با مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات مرتبط، شاخص‌ها، بایسته‌ها و راهکارهای حکمرانی باز و پایدار از میان ۷۲ مقاله استخراج شد. سپس برای هر شاخص، بایسته‌ها و راهکارهای کاربردی علاوه بر ادبیات، از طریق تحلیل مضمون مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با خبرگان حوزه آب شناسایی و تکمیل گردید. ترکیب این دو مرحله و اولویت‌بندی شاخص‌ها و بایسته‌ها با استفاده از روش دماتل و امتیازدهی خبرگان، زمینه طراحی الگوی پیشنهادی را فراهم ساخت. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که با اجرای راهکارهای کاربردی و رعایت بایسته‌های مرتبط با شفافیت و دسترسی به اطلاعات، مشارکت و همکاری، پاسخگویی و مسئولیت‌پذیری، فناوری و نوآوری، انعطاف‌پذیری، کل‌نگری، شواهدمحوری، هدفمندی و ارزش‌مداری، می‌توان چارچوبی نظری و کاربردی برای حکمرانی آب ایران ارائه کرد که با اتخاذ یک رویکرد سیستمی، به اصلاح ساختارهای حکمرانی، مدیریت مطلوب منابع آبی و مواجهه مؤثر با بحران‌های آبی کشور یاری رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مراجع

Abbasabadi, H., Imani, A., Kord, B., Yaghoubi, N., & Vazife, Z. (2025). The role of open governance in linking new water governance approaches. Natural Resources Governance, 2(3), 279–305. https://doi.org/10.22059/jnrg.2025.404316.1060
Abu-Shanab, E. (2015). Reengineering the open government concept: An empirical support for a proposed model. Government Information Quarterly, 32(4), 453–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.07.002
Alderete, M. V. (2024). Application of a microeconomic approach for explaining citizen participation in open government. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 19(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer190200XX
Alexopoulos, C., Saxena, S., Rizun, N., Matheus, R., & Janssen, M. (2024). Are creative users more apt in reusing and adopting open government data (OGD)? Gender differences. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 52, 101478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101478
Altayar, M. S. (2018). Motivations for open data adoption: An institutional theory perspective. Government Information Quarterly, 35(4), 633–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2018.09.006
Alzamil, Z. S., & Vasarhelyi, M. A. (2019). A new model for efficient open government data. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 16, 174–187. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41310-019-00066-w
Badisar, S. N., Ahmadi, S. M., & Modabernejhad, A. (2020). Assessment of good governance indicators in the water sector. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 22(2), 275–286. (In Persian)
Barchi, M., & Greco, M. (2018). Negotiation in open innovation: A literature review. Group Decision and Negotiation, 27, 343–374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10726-018-9568-8
Chatwin, M., Arku, G., & Cleave, E. (2019). Defining subnational open government: Does local context influence policy and practice? Policy Sciences, 52(3), 451–479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-019-09345-3
Chatwin, M., & Arku, G. (2017). Beyond ambiguity: Conceptualizing open government through a human systems framework. JeDEM, 9(1), 52–78. https://doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v9i1.468
Charalabidis, Y., Triantafillou, A., Karkaletsis, V., & Loukis, E. (2012). Public policy formulation through non-moderated crowdsourcing in social media. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Electronic Participation (pp. 156–169). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33250-0_14
Colabi, A. M., & Yaghoubi, N. M. (2022). Developing a sustainable governance model with an emphasis on entrepreneurial development. Journal of Public Administration, 14(2), 195–214. https://doi.org/10.22059/JIPA.2022.338281.3110
Costa, M. M. e., & Neto, S. (2023). Exploratory analysis of the water governance frameworks regarding the OECD principles in two river basins in Brazil and Portugal. Utilities Policy, 82, 101556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2023.101556
Crusoe, J. R., & Ahlin, K. (2019). Users’ activities for using open government data: A process framework. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 13(3/4), 213–236. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-01-2019-0002
Culina, A., Baglioni, M., Crowther, T. W., Visser, M. E., Woutersen-Windhouwer, S., & Manghi, P. (2018). Navigating the unfolding open data landscape in ecology and evolution. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2(3), 420–426. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0498-2
De la Guardia, F. H., Grant, S., & Miguel, E. (2018). A framework for open policy analysis. Science and Public Policy, 48(2), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scaa067
Dawes, S. S., Vidiasova, L., & Parkhimovich, O. (2016). Planning and designing open government data programs: An ecosystem approach. Government Information Quarterly, 33(1), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.01.003
Dewi, D., & Nugroho, B. Y. (2024). The influencing factors of big data adoption for Indonesia open government. La Sociale, 5(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.37899/journallasociale.v5i1.XXX
Edalat Davari, F., & Abdi, M. R. (2018). Concepts, principles, and applications for sustainable development. In Adaptive water management. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70845-6
Edelenbos, J., & Meerkerk, I. (2015). Connective capacity in water governance practices: The meaning of trust and boundary spanning for integrated performance. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 12, 25–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2014.08.009
Eivaz, M., Marzban, N., & Salehi, M. (2018). A search for good governance: Towards the sustainable governance model. Rahbord, 26(85), 55–85. (In Persian) https://sid.ir/paper/513943/fa
Erfanmanesh, I. (2021). Evaluation of substantial governance condition in the scientific institution of the Council for Humanities Promotion with regard to the manifest of the second step of the Islamic Revolution. Islamic Iranian Pattern of Progress Model, 9(1), 9–38. (In Persian)
Fang, J., Zhao, L., & Li, S. (2024). Exploring open government data ecosystems across data, information, and business. Government Information Quarterly, 41(2), 101934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2024.101934
Fattahi, S. (2018). National water report and complexity-based policy. Strategic Studies of Public Policy, 8(27), 321–328. (In Persian) https://www.magiran.com/p1864379
Fernandes, S., Cesário, M., & Barata, J. M. (2017). Ways to open innovation: Main agents and sources in the Portuguese case. Technology in Society, 51, 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2017.09.002
Ferraris, A., Santoro, G., & Pellicelli, A. C. (2020). Openness of public governments in smart cities: Removing the barriers for innovation and entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16, 1359–1379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-020-00651-4
Ghaemi, A., Larijani, M., Shabbiri, S. M., & Sarmadi, M. R. (2017). A conceptual model for sustainable governance in the integrated management of the country’s water resources with an emphasis on education and capacity building. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 28(4), 112–117. https://doi.org/10.22093/wwj.2016.16312
Ghasemi, A., Alavian, M., & Hosseini, M. (2022). Analysis of state-society interactions in Iranian water governance: Strategic implications. Quarterly of Political Strategic Studies, 11(42), 181–219. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22054/QPSS.2022.68358.3058
Haan, M., & Venema, S. D. (2025). Using a blended approach to thematic analysis: A case study on fatherhood and imprisonment. Public Opinion Quarterly, 89(SI), 716–733. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfaf033
Hilgers, D. (2012). Open government: Theoretische Bezüge und konzeptionelle Grundlagen einer neuen Entwicklung in Staat und öffentlichen Verwaltungen. Z Betriebswirtsch, 82(6), 631–660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-012-0571-2
Hirth, L. (2020). Open data for electricity modeling: Legal aspects. Energy Strategy Reviews, 27, 100433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2019.100433
Hossain, N., Talukder, S., Hoque, R., & Bao, Y. (2018). The use of open government data to citizen empowerment: An empirical validation of a proposed model. Foresight, 20(6), 665–680. https://doi.org/10.1108/FS-03-2018-0027
Huang, R., Lai, T., & Zhou, L. (2017). Proposing a framework of barriers to opening government data in China: A critical literature review. Library Hi Tech, 35(3), 421–438. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-01-2017-0014
Islami, I., & Jalali, M. (2022). Analysis of adaptability the indigenous knowledge of water management with the indicators of good governance in the process of sustainable development (Stakeholders of Abarsaj village in Semnan province). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 29(3), 241–250. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22092/ijrdr.2022.127637
Kankanhalli, A., Zuiderwijk, A., & Tayi, G. (2017). Open innovation in the public sector: A research agenda. Government Information Quarterly, 34(1), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.12.002
Karakiza, M. (2015). The impact of social media in the public sector. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 384–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1214
Kassen, M. (2018). Adopting and managing open data: Stakeholder perspectives, challenges and policy recommendations. Aslib Journal of Information Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-11-2017-0250
Kitsios, F., & Kamariotou, M. (2018). Open data hackathons: An innovative strategy to enhance entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Innovation Science, 10(4), 519–538. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-06-2017-0055
Liu, Z., Yu, Y., & Lei, Y. (2024). Enhancing local governments’ environmental attention through open government data: Evidence from China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(5), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-XXXX-X
Lock, I. (2019). Explicating communicative organization-stakeholder relationships in the digital age: A systematic review and research agenda. Public Relations Review, 45(4), 101829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2019.101829
Loukis, E., Charalabidis, Y., & Androutsopoulou, A. (2016). Promoting open innovation in the public sector through social media monitoring. Government Information Quarterly, 33(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.10.004
Lyu, Y., Zhu, Y., Han, S., He, B., & Bao, L. (2020). Open innovation and innovation radicalness: The moderating effect of network embeddedness. Technology in Society, 62, 101292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc
Maretti, M., Russo, V., & Gobbo, E. (2020). Open data governance: Civic hacking movement, topics and opinions in digital space. Quality & Quantity, 55, 1133–1154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-020-01045-y
Matheus, R., Faber, R., Ismagilova, E., & Janssen, M. (2023). Digital transparency and usefulness for open government. International Journal of Information Management, 68, 102556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102556
Mato-Santiso, V., Rey-García, M., & Sanzo-Pérez, M. (2021). Managing multi-stakeholder relationships in nonprofit organizations through multiple channels: A systematic review and research agenda for enhancing stakeholder relationship marketing. Public Relations Review, 47(4), 102074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102074
McBride, K., Aavik, G., Toots, M., Kalvet, T., & Krimmer, R. (2019). How does open government data-driven co-creation occur? Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.101401
Meijer, A. J., Lips, M., & Chen, K. (2019). Open governance: A new paradigm for understanding urban governance in an information age. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 1, Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2019.00003
Meijer, A., & Potjer, S. (2018). Citizen-generated open data: An explorative analysis of 25 cases. Government Information Quarterly, 35(4), 613–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2018.10.004
Meijer, A. J., Curtin, D., & Hillebrandt, M. (2012). Open government: Connecting vision and voice. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 78(1), 10–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852311429533
Mergel, I. (2018). Open innovation in the public sector: Drivers and barriers for the adoption of Challenge.gov. Public Management Review, 20(5), 726–745. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2017.1320044
Mergel, I. (2014). Opening government: Designing open innovation processes to collaborate with external problem solvers. Social Science Computer Review, 33(5), 599–612. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439314560851
Millard, J. (2015). Open governance systems: Doing more with more. Government Information Quarterly, 35(4), 577–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.08.003
Mirzaei, A., Knierim, A., Fealy Nahavand, S., & Shemshad, M. (2020). The role of social capital in water reservoirs governance: Evidence from northern Iran. Human Ecology, 48, 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-020-00168-y
Moon, M. J. (2019). Shifting from old open government to new open government: Four critical dimensions and case illustrations. Public Performance & Management Review, 43(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2019.1691024
Nosoohi, M., Etebarian, A., Hadi Paykani, M., & Ebrahimzade, R. (2021). Explain the open policy making model in realizing principle of open government. Public Administration Perspective, 12(2), 15–33. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.48308/jpap.2021.101600
Mutambik, I., Almuqrin, A., & Liu, Y. (2023). Increasing continuous engagement with open government data: Learning from the Saudi experience. Journal of Global Information Management. https://doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.314194
Nikvashvili, T. (2019). Open governance as a tool for strengthening the system of e-democracy in Georgia. JeDEM, 11(2), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v11i2.547
Oskouhi, M., & Esmaili, K. (2021). Analysis of governance theories and water resources management in Iran. Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 8(1), 1–10. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22067/JWSD.V8I1.88216
OECD. (2016). Open government: The global context and the way forward (Highlights). OECD Publishing.
Paliokaite, A., & Sadauskaite, A. (2023). Institutionalisation of participative and collaborative governance: Case studies of Lithuania 2030 and Finland 2030. Futures, 150, 103174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2023.103174
Palumbo, R., Casprini, E., & Manesh, M. F. (2023). Unleashing open innovation in the public sector: A bibliometric and interpretive literature review. Management Decision, 61(13), 103–171. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-12-2022-1745
Park, E. G., & Oh, W. (2020). Factors and their relationships in measuring the progress of open government. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 72(1), 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-04-2019-0083
Parung, G. A., Hidayanto, A. N., Sandhyaduhita, P. I., Ulo, K. L. M., & Phusavat, K. (2018). Barriers and strategies of open government data adoption using fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS: A case of Indonesia. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 12(3/4), 210–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-04-2018-0027
Pedersen, K. (2020). What can open innovation be used for and how does it create value? Government Information Quarterly, 37(2), 101459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101459
Pedregal, B., Cabello, V., Hernández-Mora, N., Limones, N., & Del Moral, L. (2015). Information and knowledge for water governance in the networked society. Water Alternatives, 8(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.XXXXXXX
Peyghan, V., Yaghoubi, N. M., & Keikha, A. (2022). Identifying and prioritization of good governance effective factors focused on a sustained development approach. Public Management Researches, 15(55), 93–123. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22111/JMR.2022.40358.5640
Purwanto, A., Zuiderwijk, A., & Janssen, M. (2020). Citizen engagement with open government data: Lessons learned from Indonesia’s presidential election. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 14(4), 667–689. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-09-2019-0089
Sardarshahraki, A., Shahraki, J., & Hashemi Monfared, S. A. (2016). Study of management approaches to water resources exploitation in Sistan region using fuzzy hierarchical analysis (FAHP). Public Management Researchs, 9(31), 73–98. (In Persian) https://sid.ir/paper/222156/fa
Saxena, S. (2018). Asymmetric open government data (OGD) framework in India. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 20(5), 434–448. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-11-2017-0059
Shunglu, R., Kopke, S., Kanoi, L., Nissanka, T. S., Withanachchi, C. R., Gamage, D. U., Dissanayake, H. R., Kibaroglu, A., Unver, O., & Withanachchi, S. (2022). Barriers in participative water governance: A critical analysis of community development approaches. Water, 14(5), 762. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14050762
Sieber, R. E., & Johnson, P. A. (2015). Civic open data at a crossroads: Dominant models and current challenges. Government Information Quarterly, 32(3), 308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.05.003
Simonofski, A., Zuiderwijk, A., Clarinval, A., & Hammedi, W. (2022). Tailoring open government data portals for lay citizens: A gamification theory approach. International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102430
Susha, I., Grönlund, Å., & Janssen, M. (2015). Organizational measures to stimulate user engagement with open data. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 9(2), 181–206. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-05-2015-0017
Swain, J. (2018). A hybrid approach to thematic analysis in qualitative research: Using a practical example. SAGE Research Methods.
Tai, K.-T. (2021). Open government research over a decade: A systematic review. Government Information Quarterly, 38(2), 101566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2021.101566
Talukder, S., Shen, L., Talukder, F. H., & Bao, Y. (2019). Determinants of user acceptance and use of open government data (OGD): An empirical investigation in Bangladesh. Technology in Society, 56, 147–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.09.013
Tuomisto, J. T., Pohjola, M. V., & Rintala, T. J. (2020). From insight network to open policy practice: Practical experiences. Health Research Policy and Systems, 18, Article 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00547-3
Van Damme, J., Caluwaerts, D., & Brans, M. (2016). Coproduction in health planning: Challenging the need for “open” policy-making processes. International Journal of Public Administration, 39(13), 1056–1066. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2016.1186180
Vieira, F. C., Bonfim, L. R. C., & Cruz, A. C. (2021). The process of opening innovation networks: Open innovation at Embrapa Florestas. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020135
Veljković, N., Bogdanović-Dinić, S., & Stoimenov, L. (2014). Benchmarking open government: An open data perspective. Government Information Quarterly, 31(2), 278–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.10.011
Wijenhoven, F., Ehrenhard, M., & Kuhn, J. (2015). Open government objectives and participation motivations. Government Information Quarterly, 32(1), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2014.10.002
Xiao, J., & Zhang, H. (2020). Quality assessment framework for open government data meta-synthesis of qualitative research, 2009–2019. The Electronic Library, 38(2), 209–222. https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-06-2019-0145
Yang, M., Ahn, J., & Shin, D. (2018). A 3D simulation of river basin boundary based on the change of water-level using open government data in South Korea. Spatial Information Research, 26, 447–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41324-018-0194-5
Yang, T.-M., & Wu, Y.-J. (2016). Examining the socio-technical determinants influencing government agencies’ open data publication. Government Information Quarterly, 33(3), 378–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.05.003
Yi, M. (2019). Exploring the quality of government open data: Comparison study of the UK, the USA and Korea. The Electronic Library, 37(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-06-2018-0124
Yuan, Q., & Gasco-Hernandez, M. (2019). Open innovation in the public sector: Creating public value through civic hackathons. Public Management Review, 23(4), 523–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.169588
Zareshahabadi, A., & Bonyad, L. (2022). Pathology of research related to water governance in Iran with a trans-current approach (Time period: 2001–2018). Social Problems of Iran, 12(2), 143–170. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22059/ijsp.2022.87908
Zhang, N., Zhao, X., Zhang, Z., Meng, Q., & Tan, H. (2016). What factors drive open innovation in China’s public sector? A case study of official document exchange via microblogging (ODEM) in Haining. Government Information Quarterly, 34(1), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.11.002
Zhang, H., Bi, Y., Kang, F., & Wang, Z. (2022). Incentive mechanisms for government officials' implementing open government data in China. Online Information Review, 46(2), 224–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-05-2020-0154
Zwarteveen, M. (2015). Regulating water, ordering society: Practices and politics of water governance (Inaugural Lecture 529). University of Amsterdam. https://hdl.handle.net/11245/1.477464
 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار