Modeling the Role of Stakeholder Interactions and Corporate Social Responsibility in Promoting Natural Resource Governance: A Social Capital-Based Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor. Iran.

2 , Department of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor. Iran.

3 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Karaj. Iran.

4 Department of Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Agriculture, University of Liège, Belgium.

Abstract

Effective natural resource governance requires moving beyond state-centered approaches to embrace interactive frameworks that involve diverse stakeholders in decision-making. Despite growing global attention to good governance, the mediating role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in linking stakeholder interactions to governance effectiveness remains understudied, especially in resource-dependent regions. This applied, descriptive-analytical study examines the impact of stakeholder interactions on good natural resource governance efficiency, with CSR as a mediating variable. The population includes employees of government organizations and active mining units in Takab County, West Azerbaijan Province. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS software. Reliability and validity indicators confirmed the adequacy of the instrument, and the model exhibited strong explanatory power. Findings reveal that stakeholder interactions significantly and positively affect CSR and governance efficiency. CSR also positively influences governance and moderately mediates the relationship between stakeholder interactions and governance outcomes. Specifically, the standardized path coefficient between stakeholder interactions and CSR was 0.673, with a t-value of 14.413, indicating a highly significant effect at the 99% confidence level. The results suggest that sustainable natural resource governance requires multi-actor collaboration, strengthened organizational responsibility, and enhanced social capital beyond governmental mechanisms. Policymakers can promote effective governance and sustainable development by designing participatory strategies and improving institutional accountability.

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